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Introduction to ASTM A423 Grade 3 Low Alloy Steel Pipe
ASTM A423 Grade 3 steel pipe is a type of low alloy steel pipe designed for use in pressure-bearing components such as economizers and other applications where corrosion resistance is essential. It includes both seamless and resistance-welded pipes with minimum wall thickness requirements, making it suitable for a wide range of industrial applications.
Standard Specification: ASTM A423 outlines the requirements for seamless and electrically welded low alloy steel pipes. This specification ensures that the pipes meet strict quality and performance standards, especially in environments where mechanical strength and corrosion resistance are critical factors.
The typical size range for ASTM A423 Grade 3 pipes includes an outside diameter from 1/2 to 5 inches (12.7 to 127 mm) and a wall thickness ranging from 0.035 to 0.500 inches (0.9 to 12.7 mm). These dimensions make it ideal for various engineering and construction projects requiring reliable and durable piping solutions.
Manufacturing Process: ASTM A423 Grade 3 low alloy steel pipes can be manufactured using either a seamless or welded process. Seamless pipes are typically produced through hot or cold working methods, ensuring high structural integrity and minimal defects. Welded pipes undergo resistance welding, which offers cost-effective production while maintaining good mechanical properties.
Heat Treatment: To enhance the material's mechanical properties and ensure uniformity, ASTM A423 Grade 3 steel pipes must be normalized or subjected to appropriate heat treatment processes. This step is crucial for improving the pipe’s strength, toughness, and resistance to deformation under stress.
| Carbon, max | 0.06% |
| Manganese | 0.70–1.40% |
| Phosphorus | 0.020% max |
| Sulfur, max | 0.020% |
| Silicon | 0.55% max |
| Copper | 0.25–0.45% |
| Chromium | - |
| Nickel | 0.50% max |
| Molybdenum | 0.20% max |
| Antimony | 0.05–0.15% |
| Â | Grade 3 |
| Tensile Strength, min. ksi | 55 [380 MPa] |
| Yield Strength, min., ksi [MPa] | 33 [230 MPa] |
| Elongation in 2 in. or 50 mm, min, % | 35% |
| For longitudinal strip tests, a deduction of 1.25% per each 1/32 in. [0.6 mm] decrease in wall thickness below 5/16 in. [8 mm] from the basic minimum elongation | 1.25 A |
| Hardness | 170 HB |
Calculated elongation requirements should be rounded to the nearest whole number. These specifications ensure that ASTM A423 Grade 3 pipes maintain consistent performance across different applications, offering a balance between strength, ductility, and corrosion resistance. Whether used in power generation, chemical processing, or other demanding environments, this grade of steel pipe is engineered to deliver long-term reliability and efficiency.
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