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The white LED driver market is heating up, with intense competition among chip suppliers driving them to develop advanced charge pump solutions that secure their place in the industry. These charge pumps are designed to deliver higher backlight power, meeting the growing demand for larger and more complex color displays in portable and wireless devices. Additionally, manufacturers are focusing on improving the brightness matching of LED chips used in backlight panels. However, the main concern for OEMs remains how to boost the efficiency of switched-capacitor (charge-pump) power supplies, as well as optimizing performance using boost converters.
Charge pumps are typically used to drive LEDs connected in parallel, while boost converters are more commonly used for series or series-parallel configurations. One key advantage of charge pump devices is their compact size, making them a preferred choice for large OEMs. Their popularity also stems from their versatility across different applications. An underlying reason for their favorability is the perception that inductor-based power supplies may introduce significant EMI challenges. However, recent advancements in charge pump topologies have made them more common, with differences between chips often being subtle design improvements tailored for specific use cases.
Tony Armstrong, Product Sales Manager at Linear Technology's Power Division, noted that today’s devices must include both primary and secondary displays, along with at least one RGB display for backlighting. He highlighted the increasing complexity in product design. The company recently introduced the LTC3206, a charge pump designed to meet these evolving needs. Armstrong emphasized that current accuracy—how closely the actual LED current matches the expected value—is crucial, but even more challenging is achieving good current matching between LEDs. While customers are generally satisfied with 10% current accuracy, they often express dissatisfaction when the current matching exceeds 5%.
He also pointed out another frequently overlooked factor: overall system efficiency, particularly the percentage of time the battery is directly powering the device versus when it's operating in 1.5x or 2x mode as the voltage drops. This aspect plays a critical role in extending battery life and maintaining consistent performance in mobile applications.
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