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The foliar dressing of vegetables is to fertilize the fertilizer in water and spray the fertilizer on the foliage. This method is simple, convenient, low-cost, effective and efficient. It is especially suitable for top-dressing of trace elements and has a positive effect on increasing the yield and quality of vegetables, but it must be scientific and reasonable.
First, fertilizer types should be appropriate. There are many kinds of fertilizers suitable for vegetable foliage dressing, commonly used are urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, superphosphate, potassium phosphate, zinc sulfate, rice vinegar, borax, rare earth and ash extraction, and volatile and insoluble fertilizers are not suitable. , Such as ammonium bicarbonate, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.
Second, the depth of spray fertilizer should be appropriate. The suitable concentration of foliar fertilizer is: 1%-2% of urea; 0.2%-0.5% of potassium dihydrogen phosphate; 0.2%-0.3% of ammonium sulfate; 0.03%-0.1% of borax; 1%-2% of superphosphate; 0.3%; rare earth 0.3% -0.1%.
Third, the amount of spray fertilizer should be sufficient. When spraying, the leaves of the plants are evenly covered with small droplets of mist, and it is advisable not to drip. Generally, 40-60 kg of fertilizer solution per acre is required.
Fourth, the spray site should be properly. The main part of the foliar dressing is the young stems and leaves of the vegetables, and both the front and the back must be sprayed.
Fifth, the application period should be appropriate. Leafy vegetables are generally applied in the early and middle growth stages; Solanaceae, melons, beans and rhizomes are generally applied in the middle and late stages.
Sixth, the number of spraying should be appropriate. General foliar topdressing is performed 2-3 times, once every 7-10 days.
Seven, pay attention to the application time. The foliar dressings are mostly chosen to be sprayed in sunny afternoon when the sunlight is not strong enough so as to prolong the moistening time of the fertilizer solution on the vegetables and improve the fertilizer efficiency. For example, after spraying for 3 hours, it is necessary to spray after sunny, but the concentration should be appropriate. reduce.
Eight, fertilizer should be applied reasonably. When dressing vegetable leaves, two or more kinds of fertilizers are used in a reasonable mix, which has a significant effect on yield increase. However, it cannot be used arbitrarily. For example, potassium dihydrogen phosphate cannot be mixed with rare earths. The filtered human waste can not be mixed with the ash extraction solution. Zinc phosphate cannot be mixed with superphosphate.
Nine, fertilizer should be applied rationally. Phosphorus-containing fertilizers such as superphosphate are sprayed after immersed for 24 hours, diluted with 1%-2% of the supernatant, and sprayed with potassium fertilizer diluted with the ash supernatant after 2 hours of soaking.
10. Choose suitable fertilizer according to the type of vegetables. Leaf vegetables, such as cabbage, celery, spinach and other foliar fertilizer use more urea, potassium dihydrogen phosphate; solanaceous fruit, melons, such as tomatoes, cucumbers and other use of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium or multiple compound fertilizer; Root vegetables such as potatoes, radishes, onions, etc. use more phosphorus and potassium fertilizers.