Principle of wet permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator

The wet permanent magnet cylinder magnetic separator cylinder is formed by welding a 2-3 mm stainless steel plate. Cast aluminum cover member is cylindrical, and is connected to the barrel with stainless steel screws. The wet type permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator uses stainless steel ( copper ) or aluminum as the cylinder because these materials are non-magnetic materials and have good magnetic permeability, so that the magnetic lines of force do not form a magnetic short circuit with the cylinder. The surface of the cylinder is also covered with a layer of wear-resistant rubber or a layer of thin copper wire as a protective layer to protect the cylinder surface from wear. At the same time, it is beneficial to the adhesion of magnetic ore particles on the cylinder surface, and strengthens the carrying effect of the cylinder on the magnetic ore particles, and the cylinder is driven to rotate by the motor.

The wet type permanent magnet type magnetic separator magnetic system is divided into three-pole permanent magnet magnetic system, and also has four or more poles. The polarities of the magnetic poles are alternately arranged along the direction of rotation of the cylinder, and are fixed during operation. When the magnetic ore particles are attracted to the surface of the cylinder and rotate with the cylinder, a magnetic flip (also called magnetic stirring) occurs due to the alternating polarity, and a part of the non-magnetic ore particles mechanically entrained in the magnetic ore particles Cleared out to improve the quality of magnetic products.

Wet magnetic separator sorting process:

After the slurry is fed into the tank (bottom tank), the ore is in a loose state and enters the feeding area at the bottom of the tank. Due to the action of the magnetic field, the magnetic ore particles are magnetically aggregated to form a "magnet" or "magnetic flux", and are moved toward the magnetic pole by mechanical force such as gravity, and are attracted to the surface of the cylinder. Then turn up with the cylinder. Due to the alternating polarity of the magnetic system, magnetic agitation of the ore particles causes the mechanically mixed gangue to fall off, thereby improving the concentrate grade. The magnetic ore particles go to the weakest point along the edge of the magnetic system with the cylinder. Under the action of the flushing water jet from the unloading water pipe, it is discharged into the concentrate tank. The non-magnetic or weakly-magnetic ore particles are discharged into the tailings pipe from the bottomed tailings by the flow of the slurry flowing rapidly in the tank.

The wet type permanent magnet type magnetic separator can be divided into three types: forward flow type, reverse flow type and semi-reverse flow type according to the structure of the bottom of the tank. The type of the bottom of the box has a great influence on the selection index and operation.

(1) Downstream type permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator

The direction of the ore is consistent with the direction of rotation of the cylinder or the direction of movement of the magnetic product. The slurry is directly fed to the cylinder under the magnetic system of the cylinder, and the non-magnetic ore and the magnetically weak ore are discharged from the gap between the two bottom plates below the cylinder, and the magnetic ore is sucked onto the surface of the cylinder, and The magnetic field that rotates with the cylinder to the edge of the magnetic system is weak, and the base is transferred to the concentrate tank by the unloading water pipe.

The downstream magnetic separator has a large processing capacity and is suitable for roughing and selecting coarse magnetic grade materials (greater than 6 mm), or for recovering magnetic heavy medium, and can also be used for multiple series work.

However, the selection index of this magnetic separator is highly influenced by the amount of ore given and is responsive. When the amount of minerals is large, the magnetic ore particles are easily lost to the tailings. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the operation and control the lower level of the slurry.

(2) Countercurrent magnetic separator

The direction of the ore is opposite to the direction of rotation of the cylinder or the direction of movement of the magnetic product. The slurry is directly fed to the cylinder under the magnetic system. The non-magnetic ore and the weak magnetic particles are discharged from the tailings hole on the bottom plate below the left edge of the magnetic system. The magnetic ore particles follow the cylinder against the ore feeding direction. It is taken to the concentrate end and discharged into the concentrate tank.

This magnetic separator is suitable for rough selection and sweeping of fine-grained ferromagnetic minerals with a particle size of less than 0.6 mm. This is because the tailings discharge is far from the mine end. The selection time is longer and the recovery rate is higher, while the concentrate discharge end is closer to the mineral product, and the magnetic turnover effect is poor, so the concentrate grade is lower. The countercurrent type magnetic separator is not suitable for processing coarse ore. Because of the coarse particle size, the ore particles are easily deposited to block the sorting space.

(3) Semi-reverse flow type magnetic separator

The direction of the ore feeding is basically the same as the direction of attraction of the magnetic field. The pulp enters the sorting space from the lower part of the bottom of the tank, and the magnetic ore particles are more easily attracted to the surface of the cylinder, and the magnetic field which is transferred to the edge of the magnetic system with the cylinder is the most The weak place is discharged into the concentrate tank. Non-magnetic ore particles or magnetically weak ore particles flow through the left left edge of the magnetic system against the direction of rotation of the cylinder and are removed from the rectangular holes in the bottom plate. Therefore, the level of the slurry in the bottom box can be kept constant, and the gap between the bottom plate and the cylinder can be adjusted within a certain range (30-40 mm).

This type of magnetic separator can obtain higher quality iron concentrates. At the same time, good recovery rate can be obtained. Therefore, the semi-reverse flow magnetic separator has been widely used in production practice. It is suitable for the roughing and selection of ferromagnetic minerals with fine particles less than 0.2 mm. It can work in multiple stages to achieve multiple selections.

There are many factors affecting the operation of the wet type permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator. In addition to the bottom box type, magnetic structure and magnetic field characteristics, there are magnetic system declination, working gap, sorting concentration and cylinder rotation speed.

If the magnetic system declination of the wet permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator is not appropriate, it will obviously affect the sorting index. The so-called magnetic system declination is the angle between the center line of the magnetic system arc surface and the vertical line of the cylinder center. After the magnetic system, the tailings grade is low, but after the large deviation, the grade of the tailings is increased because the concentrate cannot be lifted to the concentrate end. If the magnetic system is ahead of the head, the concentrate will be lifted too high, the sweeping area will be shortened, and the tailings grade will be raised, so the magnetic system declination should be adjusted to a moderate position.

The distance between the cylindrical surface of the wet-type permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator and the bottom plate of the bottom plate is called the working gap. The size of the working gap will affect the effect of sorting. A large gap, a large flow of the slurry also help to improve the processing amount, but far away from the cylinder surface, a lower magnetic field strength, the tailings grade will raise, lower metal recovery. Conversely, if the working gap is small, increasing the magnetic field force will lower the concentrate grade, but the recovery rate can be higher. If the working gap is too small, the slurry flow rate will be too fast, so that the ore particles can not be sucked to the surface of the cylinder and will be brought to the tailings by the slurry flow, which will cause the tailings grade to rise, and even the tailings will be difficult to discharge. "phenomenon. Therefore, care should be taken to ensure proper working clearance during installation and maintenance of the wet permanent magnet cartridge magnetic separator.

The sorting concentration of the wet type permanent magnetic cylinder magnetic separator determines the slurry flow rate of a certain amount of minerals, which affects the sorting time of the ore particles. The concentration is high, the flow rate is slow, the resistance is large, and the gangue is easily mixed in the concentrate to reduce the quality of the concentrate. However, due to the long selection time, it is beneficial to the recovery rate. Conversely, if the separation concentration is low, the concentrate grade can be higher, and the tailing grade will also increase, resulting in a lower recovery rate.

The size of the cylinder rotation speed also has an influence on the selection index, and the rotation speed is low and the output is low. The high speed, the centrifugal force of the ore particles is large, the magnetic turnover effect per unit time increases, the concentrate grade and processing capacity are high, and the recovery rate is reduced.

In practice, it is important to adjust the blown water of the ore to the rinse water of the concentrate. The blown water is too large, and the pulp flow rate is too fast, which will increase the grade of the tailings. On the contrary, the small amount of blown water will make the ore particles not fully loose and affect the sorting effect, so that the tailings grade will increase and the concentrate grade will decrease.

The concentrate flushing water is mainly used to remove the concentrate from the barrel, and the size of the flushing water should be able to ensure that the concentrate is discharged.

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